What DO they teach in those Catholic schools?

A commentator over at Debunking Christianity wrote:

In fact this whole "rational faith" is pretty new for me. I was raised in a catholic school and no priest ever told me that there's "historical proof" for the resurrection and the virgin birth. These things are faith issues, you accept them or you don't. No reason required or even allowed.

On the other hand, fideism was declared to be heresy by Vatican I. This is the entry from the Catholic Encyclopedia.

And, finally, the Vatican Council teaches as a dogma of Catholic faith that "one true God and Lord can be known with certainty by the natural light of human reason by means of the things that are made".

The Catholic Bishops' statement on forming the political conscience