Thursday, April 03, 2025

If materialism true, how is belief based on evidence possible?

 

The title of one of Richard Dawkins’s books is The Blind Watchmaker, but its subtitle is How the Evidence of Evolution Reveals a World without Design.1 The subtitle, it seems to me, makes a paradoxical claim. On the one hand, it maintains we ought to draw the conclusion that the world lacks design. On the other hand, the subtitle suggests that he has reached this conclusion through examining the evidence of evolution, but examining the evidence is a process designed to discover the truth. In fact, Dawkins is fond of contrasting his own methods for reaching conclusions with methods based on faith, which to his mind involve a lack of design. He put it this way in an open letter to his ten-year-old daughter:

Next time somebody tells you something that sounds important, think to yourself: ‘Is this the kind of thing that people probably know because of evidence? Or is it the kind of thing that people only believe because of tradition, authority or revelation?’ And, next time somebody tells you that something is true, why not say to them: ‘What kind of evidence is there for that?’ And if they can’t give you a good answer, I hope you’ll think very carefully before you believe a word they say.2

 Dawkins appeals to a fact of experience, one that cannot be denied without extreme implausibility. There are some claims that can be justified only if there is evidence for it, and we form our beliefs concerning them based on the evidence. If we want to know whether or not the Loch Ness Monster exists, we have to look at the evidence for or against it. Someone could have a strong feeling about it, but that wouldn’t be a reason to believe that the monster exists, or that it does not exist. But if the world really is without design, how is this possible that anyone can reason to a conclusion? Of course, it could turn out that the paradox is resolvable. Still, if the world is not teleological, those who think they believe anything for a good reason owe us an explanation as to how that is even possible.

Craig on the argument from intentionality

 Here. 

Monday, March 24, 2025

Respect for persons and cultural relativism

 Belief in respect for persons means that culture does not determine morality, because in many cultures, including our own during the days of black slavery, we approved of practices that did not accord with respect for persons. Segregation would be another example.

Sunday, March 16, 2025

A Christian Defense of Transgender Identities

 Here. Though I think most transgendering these days is the result of gender ideology and trigger-happy medical professionals who think all cases of gender dysphoria require a change of gender. I think medical science will get over this fad. 



Tuesday, February 04, 2025

The causal exclusion problem in philosophy of mind

 Here. 


Tbe heart of most replies to the argument from reason is that a mental event can have both a mental and a physical cause. There are problems with that idea.